A system said to be exist in a state of thermo - dynamics equilibrium, when no change in microscopic properties .
Microscopic properties-:
1. Mechanical -: Equality of force.
2. Physical -: Equilibrium of temperature.
3. Chemical -: Equilibrium of chemical com - position .
Pure substance -: A substance is said to be pure substance, if it is homogeneous chemical composition and homogeneous is chemical .
Steam H2 + o2 H2 + o
----------- ----------- -----------
Water H2o water
( pure) ( not pure ) ( not pure)
Adiabatic process -: A process is said to be adiabatic if there is no heat transfer from the system or to the system.
Generalise equation for adiabatic process--
PV^r = c ( r = adiabatic index)
W = P1.V1 - P2.V2 / r - 1
Polytropic process-: In adiabatic process there is no hear transfer only work transfer,
But in polytropic process there is heat trans-fer as well as worktransfer.
Generalise equation for polytropic process--
PV ^ n = c ( n = polytropic index )
r = Cp / Cv
Cp - Cv = R W ( polytropic ) = P1.V1 - P2.V2/ n-1
(r > 1 , n > 1 , r > n ).
Cp - Cv = R W ( polytropic ) = P1.V1 - P2.V2/ n-1
(r > 1 , n > 1 , r > n ).
Wet region-: It is the region where vapour and liquid exest in equilibrium.
In this case- T ( actual) = T ( saturated)
Dry ice -: Dry ice , that is called solid co2 , when exposed to 1 atmospheric pressure , it
Vaporized directly without absorbing latent heat of sublimation. The slop of sublimation and vaporization is positive. Also slop of fusion is positive or all the case except water.
Triple point -: The triple point is a point where all three phases co- exist. the triple point of water is 4.58 mm(p) of Hg and tem-
Perature is 0.01 ° C or 237.16 K.
No comments:
Post a Comment